Psoriasis

Types of Psoriasis

There are several types of psoriasis, each with its unique symptoms and treatments. The main types include:

• Plaque Psoriasis: The most common form of psoriasis, plaque psoriasis results in raised, red patches covered with silvery-white scales. These plaques can be itchy, and painful, and may cause significant discomfort. Plaque psoriasis typically affects the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back.
• Nail Psoriasis: Psoriasis can affect the nails, causing them to become thickened, discoloured, or pitted. Nail psoriasis can also lead to separation of the nail from the nail bed. This is often seen in people who have psoriasis on their skin as well and can affect both fingernails and toenails.
• Guttate Psoriasis: Guttate psoriasis is characterised by small, drop-shaped red patches, often appearing suddenly. This form of psoriasis is commonly triggered by a bacterial infection, such as a sore throat, and is more prevalent in younger individuals.
• Inverse Psoriasis: Inverse psoriasis affects areas where skin rubs together, such as the armpits, groin, and under the breasts. This type causes smooth, red patches of skin that may be sore or irritated and can be exacerbated by sweating or friction.
• Psoriatic Arthritis: Psoriatic arthritis is a condition where psoriasis affects the joints, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness. Psoriatic arthritis often occurs alongside skin psoriasis and can lead to joint damage if left untreated.

Treatment of Psoriasis

The psoriasis treatment depends on the severity of the condition and its impact on your life. There are several effective treatment options available, ranging from topical treatments to advanced biologics:

• Topical Treatments: For mild to moderate psoriasis, topical treatments such as corticosteroids, vitamin D analogues (like calcipotriol), and topical retinoids can help reduce inflammation, slow skin cell turnover, and relieve itching or irritation.
• Phototherapy (Light Therapy): UV light therapy is often used for moderate to severe psoriasis. It involves exposing the skin to controlled amounts of ultraviolet light to slow the rapid skin cell turnover that causes plaques. Phototherapy is a well-established treatment for psoriasis and can provide significant relief.
• Systemic Medications: For more severe or widespread psoriasis that doesn’t respond to topical treatments, oral medications may be prescribed. These treatments target the immune system to reduce inflammation and control psoriasis flare-ups.
• Biologic Therapy: Biologics are advanced medications that target specific parts of the immune system to treat moderate to severe psoriasis. Biologic drugs are administered by injection and have shown to be highly effective, especially for people who haven’t responded to other treatments.
• Lifestyle Changes and Self-Care: Managing psoriasis is often about more than just medication. Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding triggers (like smoking or excessive alcohol), reducing stress, and maintaining a healthy diet, can play an important role in managing flare-ups. Regular moisturising with emollients and gentle skin care routines can also help keep the skin hydrated and prevent further irritation.

If you’re experiencing symptoms of psoriasis or are struggling with flare-ups, contact me for a consultation.